Turf management with azauracils plus fertilizer



Aug. 19, 1969 G c v ET AL TURF MANAGEMENT WITH AZAURACILS PLUS FERTILIZER Filed Sept. 13, 1965 INVENTORS GEORGE. R. MG VE Y JOHN A. LONG RICHARD J. T/MMO/VS 77M ATT RNEYS United States Patent 3,462,257 TURF MANAGEMENT WITH AZAURACILS PLUS FERTILIZER George R. McVey, John A. Long, and Richard J. Timmons, Marysville, Ohio, assignors to The O. M. Scott ghisons Company, Marysville, Ohio, a corporation of Filed Sept. 13, 1965, Ser. No. 486,810 Int. Cl. AOln 21/00; C05g 3/00; A01c 21/00 U.S. Cl. 71-76 16 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The production of high quality turfs having low rates of vertical growth by the co-ordinated application of fertilizers containing nitrogen in plant available form and 6-azauracil or a derivative or salt thereof to the turf.

This invention relates to the regulation of plant growth and, more specifically, to the production of slower growing turfs of higher quality by the combined application of plant nutrients and 6-azauracil and derivatives and salts thereof to the turf.

One of the major drawbacks in maintaining a lawn or other turf area is that the turf must be mowed and the clippings removed at frequent intervals. This may become an onerous burden; and it has, therefore, long been recognized that it would be highly desirable to be able to retard vertical growth of turf without detracting from the quality of the turf in order to reduce the mowing interval.

Numerous compounds have heretofore been tested for their inhibitory effect on various types of plant growth. These include nicotiniums, quaternary ammonium carbamates, Phosfon (2,4-dichlorobenzyltributylphosphonium chloride), CCC [(2-chloroethyl)trimethylammonium chloride], maleic hydrazide, C-Oll (N-dimethylarninomaleamic acid), succinamic acid, and Hadacidin (N-for-rnylhydroxyaminoacetic acid). None of these, however, have proved satisfactory for turfs. Typical defects that they display are: ineffectiveness for turf species; discoloration and injury to turf; reduction of turf density; short-lived activity; comparative difficulty of application; extreme phytotoxicity when applied at rates only slightly above those required to inhibit plant growth; and counteraction by fertilizer applied to minimize their adverse effects.

Another plant growth regulator which has heretofore been investigated is 6-azauracil. This compoud was found to effectively retard plant growth by Z. Sormova et al. who reported their findings in an article entitled Some Pyrimidine Derivatives as New Types of Plant Stimulants in Coll. Czech. Chem. Comm. 25, pp. 2889- 2898. substantiating findings were later published in United States Patent No. 3,116,994 issued Jan. 7, 1964, to A. M. Goenaga.

The early investigations of Sormova et a1. and Goenaga were limited to testing the effect of 6-azauracil on plants such as peas, beans, cucumbers, wheat, and the like; and there is no suggestion in their published findings that this compound is an effective inhibitor of the vertical growth of turf species. Moreover, Goenaga found, in some cases, that 6-azauracil caused burning and otherwise adversely affected plant development, which would indicate that this compound is unsuitable for regulating the vertical growth of turfs. Now, however, it has surprisingly been found that 6-azauracil, unlike other of the plant growth regulators listed above, will effectively retard the growth of turf species as well as the types of plant growth on which it was previously tested.

Even more unexpectedly, it has now been found that the effectiveness and usefulness of 6-azauracil as a plant growth regulator can be greatly increased and its adverse effects on plants eliminated by applying it in combination I with nitrogen fertilizers and other essential plant nutrients to turf, or by applying it to a turf which has previously been enriched with nitrogen containing fertilizers.

Among the advantages of this combination of 6- azauracil and available nitrogen over 6-azauracil by itself and over other plant growth regulators, alone or in combination with fertilizers, are: (l) effectiveness on turf species; (2) the production of turf of a quality which is superior to that obtained by using either a plant growth regulator or fertilizer alone; (3) a marked reduction in mowing frequency and clippings; (4) increased lateral development of plants by tillering, resulting in an increase in turf density; (5) improvement in turf color, resulting in turf having a fresh, lush appearance; (6) reduction in moisture requirements; (7) uniform recovery from the treatment with no loss of aesthetic value; (8) reduction in the amount of fertilizer required to maintain good turf color; and (9) effectiveness on a wide variety of turf grass species. Other advantages of this combination, not possessed by plant growth regulating substances heretofore known, are: (1) long duration of activity; (2) only small quantities of growth regulator and fertilizer are needed; (3) repeat applications do not have an adverse effect on turfs; (4) effectiveness in different geographical areas; (5) pre-emergence control of certain weeds; and (6) lack of criticality in the method and rate of application.

It has also been found that the foregoing advantages may be realized by employing instead of 6-azauracil a derivative or salt of this compound. Examples are:

4-thio-6-azauracil, 2-thio-6-azauracil,

6-azauracil sodium salt, 2-thio-6-azauracil sodium salt, 3-methyl-6-azauracil, 5-bromo-6-azauracil, 5-methyl-2-thio-6-azauracil, or S-phenyl-2-thio-6-azauracil.

In general, compounds have the following formula are are useful in the practice of the present invention:

HN/ C-R;

R=C C=Rz i. in which R is either oxygen or sulfur, R is sodium, hydrogen or methyl, R is either oxygen or sulfur, and R is hydrogen, bromine, methyl or phenyl.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that one important object of the present invention is the provision of methods and compositions for altering the morphological characteristics of turf so as to maintain it at peak quality levels and, at the same time, substantially reduce mowing and clipping removal requirements.

A further important object of this invention is to provide novel methods of and compositions for treating turfs that will produce improved turf color, quality, and tiller development with an associated reduction in the rate of upright shoot growth.

Another important object of this invention is to provide novel methods and compositions in accord with the foregoing objects which are capable of pre-emergence control of certain lawn weeds.

Yet another important object of this invention is to provide novel methods of and compositions for developing turfs of higher quality than are attainable by fertilizers alone.

Still another important object of this invention is to provide novel methods of and compositions for reducing the mowing frequency of a broad range of turf species in mixed turf compositions and in single selection plantings which are independent of environmental factors.

Yet another important object of this invention is the provision of novel compositions in accord with the preceding objects which have a wide margin between desirable turf response and objectionable turf phytotoxicity.

A further important object'of this invention is to provide novel compositions in accord with the preceding objects which are effective Whether they are applied to moist or dry foliage or to actively growing or dormant turf.

Another important object of this invention is to provide novel methods of and compositions for effecting increases in the protein content of plants.

Still another object of the present invention is the provision of methods and compositions in accord with the preceding objects, which:

(1) Will not cause discoloration of or injury to turf;

(2) Will promote tillering and thereby increase lateral growth to provide more dense turfs;

(3) Will reduce fertilizer and moisture requirements;

(4) Will remain active for longer periods than prior art compositions;

(5) Can be applied at lower rates; and

(6) 'Can be used repeatedly.

Another important and specific object of the present invention is the provision of novel methods for producing turfs of improved quality and slower vertical growth by applying to the turf synergistic combinations of plant nutrients and compounds of the formula wherein R is oxygen or sulfur; R is sodium, hydrogen, or methyl; R is oxygen or sulfur; and R is hydrogen, bromine, methyl, or phenyl.

Further objects, additional advantages, and other novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the appended claims and as the ensuing detailed discussion and description of the present invention proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

FIGURE 1 shows the difference in vertical growth of the growth regulator and up to 4 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet supplied from either an organic or inorganic source, the precise nature of the fertilizer being of no consequence in the practice of the present invention. The active ingredients may be applied by a foliar spray or combined with a solid carrier and spread on the area to be treated, and the active ingredients may be combined in a single formulation or applied separately, either at the same or at different times. The duration of the activity of the combination ranges from four to eight Weeks or longer, depending upon the rate of application of the active ingredients and whether they are applied separately or in a single formulation.

A fuller appreciation of the details of the novel methods and compositions of the present invention may be gained from the examples which follow. These have been grouped under headings indicative of the aspects of the present invention which they illustrate.

TURF QUALITY As mentioned above, one of the important advantages of the present invention is that the combined application of fi-azauracil and nitrogen containing fertilizer produces turf of a markedly higher quality than the application of either fertilizer or 6-azauracil by itself. This important aspect of the invention is illustrated by the following examples, which also show that a combined application of 6-azauracil and nitrogen containing fertilizer enhances turf quality more than separate applications of those ingredients.

Example I To demonstrate the advantages of a combined 6- azauracil-fertilizer composition over separate applications of 6-azauracil and fertilizer and that both combined and separate applications are superior to fertilizer by itself in improving the color, density, and quality of turf, Classic bluegrass was treated with formulations containing 6-azauracil in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (4-1-1 N, P 0 and K 0 ratio), with separate formulations applied at a comparable rate of 6-azauracil and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and with comparable rates of nitrogen-absent 6-azauracil. The formulations (F-1742 and F-2030 described hereinafter) were applied in the Spring to dry foliage.

The results obtained with respect to turf color, density, injury, and quality are shown in the following table (observations were made either 23 or 59 days after application a Control.

b Values given in percent of the zero level of 6-azaurae1l and nitrogen. Significantly different at the 5% level from a comparable rate of fi-azauracil and fertilizer applied on sefiaragefcaglrlliersr l t d azaurac an er zer ormu a e on separate carriers 8 or on the same carrier a Quality based on color plus density minus injury. (C) Least significant difference.

between a sample of Classic turf on the left which was The foregoing table shows that a combination of maintained on a high fertility program as described in 6 azauracil and nitrogen fertilizer is far more effective Example XII but otherwise not treated and a sample of Classic turf on the right treated in accord with the principles of the present invention; and

FIGURE 2 shows the two turf samples of FIGURE 1 from a slightly different angle to better illustrate the improvement in turf quality resulting from treatment in accord with the principles of the present invention.

In the practice of the present invention, the plant growth inhibitor-plant nutrient combination is preferably applied at rates providing 0.1 to 12 pounds per acre than the fertilizer by itself in improving turf color, density, and quality. The data also shows that a combined 6-azauracil-nitrogen fertilizer formulation is superior in this respect to the same ingredients applied by way of separate formulations.

Example II To show that the beneficial effect of the compositions of the present invention with respect to turf color, density,

and quality may be obtained on various types of turfs, sods of Classic bluegrass, K-31 tall fescue, and Bitterblue St. Augustine grass were treated with 6-azauracil at The results of these tests are tabulated below:

TurtColon a rate of 2 pounds per acre as a fol1ar spray or as a SO11 drench. Tifgreen Bermuda was treated with 6-azauracil 5 Rate oflrazaumcllipounds per acre 0 1 2 4 at a rate of pound per acre as a foliar spray. The classicbluegmss 100 116 116 109 sod was fertilized at the same t1me at the rate of 1.8 Astoria bentgrass 100 121 116 113 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet. Chewmgs red fescue 114 132 109 The $011 drench was a 80111111011 consisting 0f 0.5 ml. Recorded 85 days and 50 days after the first and second treatments, of Tween 20 (Tweens are polyoxyalkylene derivatives 10 espectively. Values are given in percentage of zero level of fi-azauracil. 0f SOIbiiaII p p of acetone, and The foregoing data shows that the color of Classic 97.83 ml- Of distill ed Water p 00 1- 0f drench P bluegrass, Astoria bentgrass, and Chewings fescue turf e t e H0 or sufiiclent chemlc'fll PTOVlde two Pounds is improved to a much greater extent by treating it as P acre. The 01121? p y COIISISied 0f 5 11 f Tween disclosed herein with nitrogen containing fertilizer and 20, 0.167 ml. of acetone, and 9.783 ml. of d1st1lled water from 1 through 4 pounds per acre of 6-azauracil tha Pf P 110 Chemlcal Sufiiclent chemlcal 10 P by the application of fertilizer alone. The foregoing tests vlde q 0T 2 P P acre- The P were also establish that the present invention is applicable to treated Wlth a granular fertlllzel' Pounds of nltlogen turf species other than those listed in Example II and from urea formaldehyde, Pound of 2 5, and that application of the fertilizer and 6-azauracil by pound of K 0 per 1000 square feet) 0n the same day granular applicator is effective, that the 6-azauracil was applied. E 1 IV Observations Were made five weeks after the appli- Xamp e cation of the fertilizer and 6-azauracil. To demonstrate the effect of varying the rates of ap- The results obtained are shown in the following table: plication of nitrogen containing fertilizers and 6-azaura- Observations fi-azauracil Percent Percent Percent Rate, lbs. Method Turf Tur Turf Turf Turf Species per acre of Appl a Injury Color 11 Density b Quality 0 Classicbluegrass 0 SD 0 100 100 200 2 SD 2 167 146 311 15-31 tall fescue 0 SD 2 100 100 198 2 s1) 2 114 104 21s Tifgreen Bermuda 0 FS 0 100 100 200 0.1 FS 0 114 115 22s Bitterblue St. Augustine f 0 FS 0 100 100 200 t 2 FS 3 14s 95 235 5 SD equals soil drench; FS equals foliage spray. b Values are given in percentage of the zero level over 100%; i.e., 167% denotes a 67% improvement.

0 Based on turf density plus turf color minus turf injury.

The data shows that turf quality was improved for all species studied wtih Classic bluegrass exhibiting the greatest response and K-31 tall fescue the least response after five weeks. The data further shows that foliar sprays and soil drenches are both eifective modes of application.

Example III To show that application of the fertilizer and 6-azauraoil in granular form is similarly effective on a variety of turf species and to show that the invention is applicable to turf species other than those of Example II, plots of established turfs of Classic bluegrass, Astoria bentgrass and Chewings red fescue were fertilized with the equivalent of 1.8 and 0.9 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet in two applications 35 days apart using Turf Builder (2377 ratio of N, P 0 and K 0) as a source of plant nutrients (Turf Builder is a urea-formaldehyde fertilizer having a high nitrogen availability index manufactured in accord with the teachings of US. Patent No. 3,076,700). 6-azauracil was applied on the same dates as the fertilizer to dry foliage using a formulation (F-1742) composed of vermiculite (89.407%), acetone (5.013%), heXylene glycol (3.249% Tween 20 (.449%) and 6-azauracil (1.832%). The materials were applied with a granular applicator to deliver the equivalent of 0, 1, 2, and 4 pounds per acre of 6-azauracil. Readings were recorded 85 days after the initial application of Turf Builder and 6-azauracil.

of 6-azauraeil. Percent improvement is indicated by values cil, established C1assic bluegrass turf was fertilized with the equivalent of 0, 0.45, 0.9, and 1.8 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet by the application of Turf Builder (2377 ratio of N, P 0 and K 0) in all possible combinations with 6-azauracil applied at 0, 1, 2 and 4 pounds per acre using a formulation (F-1742) consisting of vermiculite (89.407%), acetone (5.013%), hexylene glycol (3.249%), Tween 20 (.499%), and 6-azauracil (1.832%). The Turf Builder and the 6-azauracil were applied with a granular applicator. Readings were recorded 37 days after the application.

The results were as follows:

Pounds of Pounds of Nitrogen Percent Percent Percent 6-azauracil per 1,000 Turf Tur Turf Turf per acre sq. ft. Color Density e Injury Quality h --Values are given in percentages based on equal rates of fertilizers at the zero level of 6-azaurecil.

b Quality based on turf density plus turf color minus injury.

This data shows the synergistic effect of nitrogen fertilizer and 6-azauracil. The latter, applied by itself, resulted in no improvement in turf color, density, or quality even at rates of 4.0 pounds per acre.

Example V The benefits of the present invention may be reaped by maintaining turf on a high fertility program and then treating with 6-azauracil as well as by applying these materials at the same time. This is demonstrated by tests in which bluegrass plugs were removed from established turf and placed in plastic pots in the greenhouse. The plugs were maintained on a high fertility program by fertilizing them weekly with 50 ml. of standards Hoagland solution No. 1, a solution containing all the elements essential for plant growth, which has the following composition:

6-azauracil was applied to the plants at the equivalent of 6 and 12 pounds per acre using a granular formulation (same as F-1742) composed of vermiculite (89,407% acetone (5.013%), hexylene glycol (3.249% Tween 20 (.499 and 6-azauracil (1.832%). The materials were applied manually on moist foliage and misted a day later to simulate a dew. Observations were made for injury 30 days and for color and density 45 days after the 6-azauracil was ap 40 periodic application of nitrogen containing fertilizer. They also show that the 6-azauracil can be applied to moist as well as dry foliage to obtain the improvements in turf color, density, and quality contemplated by the present invention.

MOWING FREQUENCY, CLIPPING REMOVAL, HEIGHT GROWTH RESPONSE AND RESIDUAL In the previous section it was shown that marked improvements in turf color, density, and quality can be obtained by treating the turf with a combination of nitrogen containing fertilizer and 6-azauracil. Treatment of turf with this combination of ingredients also has the additional important advantage that it reduces the vertical growth of the turf, thereby reducing the frequency of mowing and the quality of clippings which must be removed. This is a surprising result because it has heretofore been found that the combination of fertilizer with other plant growth regulators nullified the growth inhibiting effect of the latter (see Crafts et al., Some Studies on the Herbicidal Properties of Maleic Hydrazide, Hilgardia, Vol. 27, No. 22 (1958), pp. 723-757 and Cabler et al., Chemical Growth Retardants for Turf Grasses, The Golf Course Reporter, January 1963 pp. 35-44).

This important and unexpected result is shown by following examples.

Example VI To demonstrate turf response to a combination of nitrogen containing fertilizer and 6-azauracil, Classic bluegrass turf was treated in the field with fertilizer (23-7-7 ratio of N, P 0 and K 0) manufactured in accord with the teachings of US. Patent No. 3,076,700 and 6-azauracil in separate applications and in applications where the nitrogen containing fertilizer and 6-azauracil were combined physically in the same granule. The 6-azauracil formulations employed were Nos. F-1742 and F-2030, the latter of which contains both 6-azauracil and fertilizer. Materials were applied with a granular applicator to dry plied: foliage. Rates of fertillzer and 6-azaurac1l were varied to Observations Percent Percent Percent (razauracih Turf Turf Turf Turf 'lurl Species lbs. per acre Color e Density I Injury Quality b 0 100 100 1 199 Common Kentucky bluegrass... 6 150 114 5 259 12 167 114 10 271 0 100 100 0 200 Mei-ion bluegrass 6 143 150 0 293 12 143 133 8 273 0 100 100 1 199 Classic bluegrass 6 167 133 1 299 12 150 117 5 262 e Based on zero level of fi-azauraeil. b Based on turf color plus turf density minus turf nnury.

These tests establish that, as discussed above, 6-azauragive the equivalent of 1 and 2 pounds per 1000 sq. ft. of

oil can be utilized to improve the quality of turfs which nitrogen and 1 and 2 pounds per acre of 6-azauracil.

have been maintained on a high fertility program by the The data obtained is tabulated below:

Treatment Turf Response Percent Nitrogen, Upright reduction Height leaves Percent lbs. per leaves leaves and stems reduction fi-azauracil, 1,000 and stems and stems from ground of plant lbs. per acre sq. it. removed a removed 8 level (mms.) height 6 LSD, 1%.- 10.9

= Grams of dry stems and leaves removed above a 2-inch mowing height from a 2.66 sq. It

area.

9 10 As shown by the foregoing, applying nitrogen fertilizer The data obtained is summarized in the following table: to turf in combination with 6-azauracil does not significantly reduce the vertical growth inhibiting properties of Length of Clippings Removed the latter even when the fertilizer and 6-azauracil are ap- Totanength plied separately. When they are combined on or in the Days After InitialApplieation o pp s same carrier and applied simultaneously, there is a marked 0 7 15 21 34 42 i ig g enhancement in the vertical growth inhibiting properties 6 u of the 6-azauracil. g

0 s 2 2 2 2 2 s EXamP1e VII 0 3 1 1 3 2 10 0 3 1 1 0 0 5 h g i g the i effect i g i As shown by the foregoing table, inhibition was not y razr e, t e most promising gro t r6 ar an or S evident during the first week after treatment. However,

heretofore known to the synergistic effect of fertilizeron durin g the followlng weeks the length of the clipplngs ret l Classlc bluegrass turf mamtamed on a moved was substantially reduced for 4, 5, and 6 weeks femhty program of pounds of pounds 0 when turf was treated with 2, 4, and 8 pounds per acre P 0 and 1.64 pounds of K 0 per 1000 sq. ft. per year was of 6 azauracil respectively treated with granular formulations of 6-azauracil at the rate of 8 pounds per acre in early May and again ap- Example IX proxlmately five wfieks latermamtamed To demonstrate that turf treatment in accord with the turf l hydrazlde was aPPhed twlce f present invention reduces the amount of clippings to be formulation at the rate of 8 pounds per acre at approxiremofed as well as mowmg frequency, @azauFacll (for r/rgategfltflh; 5212;121: 52 :rfsyegl gtgtsbggtetlfmsagzeamiiz iknulaitlon wasl aripllieid to2 hAiighlydfgrtilizedi turf as escri e in xamp e at an poun s per mowlng helsht when the'grass was 2%21/2 Inches acre. Clippings were then collected and fresh weights hlgh to Obtam maxlmum aesthetlc valuedetenmined approximately 1 month after the 6-azauracil The 6-azaurac1l treatments produced a dramatic reducwas applied tiOn in mowing frequency In Comparlson t0 the control The clippings removed from plots treated with 6-aza- (feftililef y) and maleic hydfalide tl'eatments- From uracil were markedly reduced with the greatest response y until late y y one mowing Was required evident at the 2 pound per acre rate of application. Higher to maintain maximum aesthetic value in the plots treated rates substantially further reduced the weight of clippings with 6-azauracil. In contrast the control and maleic hyremoved, but the response was not proportional to the Mowing Frequency (N0. of Weeks After Treatment) a X n'li mowing.

drazide treated plots required 7 to 8 mowings as shown rates at which the 6-azauracil was applied, as shown by by the following tabulations of the mowing frequency. the table below.

Comparable results are obtamed when the fertlllzer and Cupping Fresh Percent Reduction growth retardant are applied separately or in comblned Chemical Pounds Weights, Grams/ m Clipping application to turf which has not theretofore been main- Treatment Per Acre Fresh Welghts tained on a high fertility program. [2) 22 2 fi-azauraeil 4 30 56 8 17 75 Exam le VIII p The foregoing data also shows that the application of nitrogen containing fertilizer to the turf pursuant to the high fertility program has no apparent adverse effect on v n- To demonstrate the effectiveness of the present in e the growth retardmg p p of the Gazauracll.

tion in reducing the length of clippings removed from turf treated in accord with the principles of the present Example X invention, established Classic bluegrass was fertilized To demonstrate that favorable turf response i l With Pounds 0f 5 P 1000 qf Wlth a 60 tained when the nitrogen containing fertilizer and 6-azaliZfif havlng a fatlo 0f 2 s, and z uracil are applied at the same time, Classic bluegrass racil was then applied to dry foliage at rates of 2, 4, and was treated with formulations containing various percent- 8 pounds per acre. The turf was cut at a 5 cm. mowing ages of fi-azauracil in combination with nitrogen, phosheight, phorus and potassium. The formulations are as follows:

F-ma- F-2030,= F2031,"- F-2032,= lbs. per lbs. per lbs. per lbs. per 5,000 5,000 5,000 0 Formulation No. sq. ft. sq. ft. Percent sq. ft. Percent sq. ft. Percent 20-5-5 (N, P205 and K20 Ratio 24. 00 24. 37 97. 41 49. 02 98. 05 23. 93 95. 73 Hexylene Glycol 0 .41 1.63 61 1. 22 .71 2. ween 20 0 13 50 .25 50 13 50 6-azauracil. 0 12 46 12 23 23 92 a See method or application and carrier, Example XX.

The above formulations were applied with a granular applicator using single and double applications which resulted in the various rate combinations shown below.

Clipping Dry Blade Height Weight (gms./ Chemical Treatment (ems) 2. 66 sq. ft.)

Forlnu- Nitrogen Days After Initial Application lation 6-azauraeil (lb./M Code No. (lb/acre) sq. ft.) 28 40 50 28 40 50 Control... 0 6 8 6 3.0 7. 4 2. 0 0 l 6 8 7 5. 3 0. 2 2. 8 1 1 4 6 7 1. 6 8. 1 2. O 2 1 3 6 5 1. 5 6. 3 1. 7 0 2 6 0 9 5. 5 14.4 6. 3 l 2 5 8 7 2. 2 12. 1 2. 7 2 2 3 6 6 1. 4 5. 8 1. 8 4 2 4 6 5 1. 2 4. 6 1. 3 0 4 7 10 10 6. 8 20. 1 9. 2 2 4 3 7 7 1. 3 8. 1 2. 7

As shown above, when turf is fertilized with 1 to 4 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet in the presence of 1 to 2 pounds of 6-azauracil per acre, the dry weight of clippings removed and the vertical growth are in general comparable to or less than unfertilized plots, again demonstrating that the combination of fertilizer with 6- azauracil has no adverse effects on the growth inhibiting properties of the latter.

Example XI To further demonstrate the effectiveness of a fertilizer- 6-azauracil combination in suppressing vertical plant growth, Classic bluegrass turf was treated with a granular formulation containing N, P 0 and K 0 in a 20-5-5 analysis (97.22% hexylene glycol (1.805%), Tween 20 (.466%) and 6-azauracil (.508% This formulation was applied at the rate of 1 pound per acre and .9 pound Der 1000 sq. ft. of 6-azauracil and nitrogen and 4 pounds per acre and 3.6 pounds per 1000 sq. ft. of 6-azauracil and nitrogen, respectively. A positive control plot was treated with the equivalent of .9 and 3.6 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 sq. ft. using a fertilizer having a 20-5-5 N, P 0 and K 0 ratio. The applications were made with a granular applicator to dry turf maintained at a 1 inches mowing height and on a good watering program. Prior to treatment the turf had been on a very low fertility program.

The results are tabulated below:

Clipping Fresh As shown by the foregoing table, vertical growth of the treated turf was partially or completely suppressed by application of the 6-azauracil-fertilizer combination, and the weight of clippings removed was materially reduced.

MORPHOLOGICAL MODIFICATIONS As shown by the following examples, turfs treated in accord with the present invention exhibit marked morphological modifications.

Example XII Referring to FIGURES 1 and 2 of the drawing, Classic bluegrass turf maintained on a high fertility program (5.4 pounds nitrogen, 1.64 pounds of P 0 and 1.64 pounds of K 0 per 1000 sq. ft. per year) was treated with 6-azauracil four times at the rate of 8 pounds per acre in a period of approximately 13 months with two applications being made in successive springs at approximately 5 and 6 week intervals, respectively. The turf was moved two weeks before the fourth application at a 2 inch height. The photographs of FIGURES 1 and 2 were taken 37 days after this mowing. The turf treated with 6-azauracil in accord with the principles of the present invention (right in both figures) is of excellent turf quality and color and does not require mowing. In contrast, the control (left) requires mowing and does not have good quality.

Example XIII To further illustrate the morphological changes produced in turfs by treating them in accord with the principles of the present invention, field grown Classic bluegrass and K-3l tall fescue maintained on a high fertility program as described in Example VII were treated with 6-azauracil at the rate of 8 pounds per acre as a liquid spray containing 99.303% water, 0.499% Tween 20, and 0.198% 6-azauracil. Detailed measurements (tabulated below) were taken 66 days after the application of the 6-azauracil.

Clippings Fresh Weight Leaf (lbs./ 1,000 sq. ft.)

Height Growth Inhibition, percent e Plant Count sq. in.)

6-azauraeil, lbs/acre 0 8 0 8 Classic bluegrass 1 K-31 tall fescue 50 4.

e As compared to zero level of 6-azauracil.

TURF RECOVERY FROM 6-AZAURAC1L- FERTILIZER TREATMENT Example XIV One of the disadvantages of most plant growth regulators is that the recovery of turfs from the application of such regulators is erratic with new shoots of grass being spindly and chlorotic and elongating rapidly. Moreover, the turf may exhibit only a 510% density of new shoots when recovery first becomes evident; and this results in a turf having a ragged, unkempt appearance. These disadvantages are eliminated by the simultaneous application of fertilizer and 6-azauracil or the application of 6-azauraoil to a highly fertilized turf in accordance with the principles of this invention.

To demonstrate the uniform recovery of turf from treatments made according to the present invention, Classic bluegrass turf was treated with a granular formulation containing 97.22% fertilizer (4-1-1 N, P 0 and K 0 ratio), Tween 20 (0.466% hexylene glycol (1.805%), and 6-azauracil (0.508%) at the rates of .9 and 3.6 pounds per 1000 sq. ft. of nitrogen and 1 and 4 pounds per acre of 6-azauracil. Control plots were treated with fertilizer only.

As shown by the data tabulated below, four weeks after treating it with the combination product the turf exhibited excellent color and density with an associated reduction in vertical growth response and clippings removed. As the biological effect of the formulation decreased, turf recovery from inhibition was very uniform as illustrated by im-' 13 proved color, density, and clipping removal during the 9 to 11 week period after treatment.

Gms.

BROAD SPECTRUM ACTIVITY OF TURF SPECIES As shown by the data tabulated in a number of the foregoing examples, the beneficial results of the present inventron can be realized on a variety of turf species. The fol- Clipping 321g a lg e i g hf 1352121128; i r s l i 5 lowing examples further illustrate the broad spectrum of I1 n I o Nitrogen p 91g activity of the novel compositions d1sclosed herein. fi-azairacil, pmlnbgg Days After Initial Treatment poun sper per XVI acre sq. ft. 35 75 35 75 35 75 35 63 Examp 1e 0 100 100 6 100 100 3 4 6-azauracil was applied to various turf species main- -g g 2 58 g g tained on a high fertility program as described in Example 0 3:6 130 225 10 7 208 160 21 29 VII. The rate of 6-azauracil applied varied from 1 to 6 4 8 10 186 8 37 pounds per acre. The chemical was applied to foliage in Values are given in percentage of the zero level of G-azauracil and gr n lar fOIm IaIiOHS and in liquid sprays. The results nitrogen. 15 of these tests are tabulated below.

Blade Pounds of Inhibl- Blade fi-azauracil tion, Injury, Turf Species per acre Type of Formulation Percent Percent Common Kentucky bluegrass. 6 Granular (F-l742) 30 10 Merlon Kentucky bluegrass.. 6 .do 55 3 C1assicbluegrass 1 .do 58 0 K-31 tall fescue 1 Granular (F1788) 52 0 Chewings red tescue 1 o 60 0 Astorlabentgrass 1 o 77 0 St. Augustine i Follar Spray 32 0 Bermuda 1 ....do. 45 0 Centipede- 2 d0. 38 8 Dlchondra... 5

e 98.98% water, 0.5% Tween 20, 0.5% acetone, and 0.02% S-azauracil. b 98.96% water, 0.5% Tween 20, 0.5% acetone, and 0.04% G-azauracll.

REDUCTION OF NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS IN OBTAINING IMPROVED COLOR Example XV The combined application of nitrogen containing fertilizer and 6-azauracil in accordance with the principles of this invention produces turfs of improved color in comparison to turfs treated with fertilizer alone even though less nitrogen is supplied to the turf in the combination than is supplied when fertilizer alone is used. In other words, the synergistic combination of fertilizer and 6-azauracil of the present invention is effective in lowering the nutritional requirements of plant species.

To demonstrate this important advantage of the present invention, Windsor bluegrass was sown in 99.9% pure silica sand. After the Windsor was established, the sand was removed from the roots and the grass placed in a standard Hoagland solution No. 1 modified to obtain either 52 or 420 ppm. nitrogen. 6-azauracil was then added to the nutrient solution in concentrations of .232 and 5.8 p.p.m. As shown by the data tabulated below, the turf color of the plants to which the 6-azauracil was applied was better at both nitrogen levels than that of the control plants, which received fertilizer only. The difference, however, was more evident at the lower nitrogen concentration. Turf color of plants maintained at the low nitrogen level in the presence of 6-azauracil closely resembled that of those plants treated with the high nitrogen level in the absence of 6-azauracil.

6-a(zauraci)l values are given in percentages of the zero level of o-azauracil and 52 ppm. nitrogen.

As shown by the foregoing table, representative turf species responded favorably when treated with 1 to 6 pounds per acre of 6-azauracil. Growth inhibition of the blades ranged from 25 to 77% with dichondra exhibiting the least response and Astoria bentgrass exhibiting the most response.

EFFECTIVE RANGE OF ACTIVITY The preceding examples illustrate that 6-azauracil application rates of from 1 to 12 pounds per acre are effective to produce the beneficial results discussed previously. As shown by the following example, however, optimum application rates of 6-azauracil may vary beyond these limits for particular species with rates as low as 0.1 pound per acre being effective for certain species.

Example XVH 6-azauracil or its sodium salt were applied as a foliar spray (distilled water containing, in addition to 0.002739, 0.013695, 002739, or 0.13695% of the active ingredient, 0.5% Tween 20 and approximately 1.0% acetone) to deliver 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 pounds per acre respectively to turf placed in plastic pots. The turf was placed in the greenhouse during the test period. Previously the turf had been maintained on the equivalent of 5.4 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet per year by applying Turf Builder (23-7-7 N, P 0 and K 0 analysis).

Bluegrass and tall fescue were treated with the sodium salt of 6-azauracil, and Bermuda and St. Augustine were treated with 6-azauracil. The following observations were made 32 days after the application of the growth regulating agent:

Observations Percent Blade Injury Percent Blade Inhibition Classic bluegrass Tall icscue Bermuda St. Augustine Rates as low as 0.1 to 0.5 pound per acre of 6-azauracil were elfective in inhibiting blade elongation of the more common turf species grown in the Northern and Southern areas of the United States. Higher rates of 1 to pounds per acre improved the degree of inhibition slightly for tall fescue, moderately for bluegrass, and dramatically for Bermuda and St. Augustine.

REDUCTION IN MOISTURE REQUIREMENTS OF TURF SPECIES As discussed above, another benefit realized from the present invention is that the application of fertilizer and 6-azauracil to turf in accord with the principles of this invention reduces the moisture requirements of the turf. The extent to which moisture requirements are reduced is shown by the following examples.

Example XVIII Windsor Kentucky bluegrass pots were sprayed with the sodium salt of 6-azauracil at the rate of 2 pounds per acre employing a formulation containing 99.449% water, 0.500% Tween 20, and 0.051% of the sodium salt of 6-azauracil, which was prepared as described in Example XXIV. Subsequently, all pots were subirrigated to obtain a wet weight of 752 grams. Wet weights were recorded periodically to determine the rate of evapotranspiration from the pots. The results are tabulated below:

Days After Subirrigation 2 5 Percent Reduction in Evapotranspiration (fazauracil, pounds per acre- As'shown by this data, Windsor Kentucky bluegrass seedlings treated with 6 -azauracil at the rate of 2 pounds per acre exhibited a 20% reduction in evapotranspiration in comparison with the control.

Example XIX Windsor Kentucky bluegrass was placed in Hoagland solution No. 1 of varying nitrogen and 6-azauracil content. The nitrogen content of the Hoagland solution was modified to 52 and 420 ppm. and the 6'azauracil adjusted to 0.2 and 5.8 p.p.m. At the end of three and six days water was added to restore the solution to its original volume.

As shown by the data tabulated below, evapotranspiration of Windsor bluegrass turf was reduced by 23 to 52% This data is particularly significant in that it shows that the presence of available nitrogen does not reduce the ability of -azauracil to lower the rate of evapotranspiration of water from turf species.

METHODS OF APPLICATION AND CARRIERS As suggested above, the 6-azauracil of the present invention can be applied in formulations in which it is combined with a nitrogen containing fertilizer or in a separate formulation, and the formulations can be of the granular type or sprays or drenches (or, if desired, other types of formulations such as dusts or the like may be used). The formulations can be applied to either dry or moist turf. The following example shows typical formulations and the results they produce.

Example XX The 6-azauracil formulations tabulated below were applied to Classic bluegrass turf under field conditions using various carriers. The materials were applied to dew moistened and dry turf. The turf was maintained on a good fertility program (5.4 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet per year) prior to treatment.

Code Number n F-2030 F-2031 F-2032 F-1742 Ingredients Ethylene Glycol Hexylene GlyeoL- Tween 20 0.50 fi-azauracil. 0. 46 Acetone Code Number Ingredients F-1787 F-1788 41531A 4-153-1B A-1096 Ethylene GlycoL. Hexylene Glycol Acetone.

h All constituents are indicated as percent of total weight. b Sodium salt.

The treated turf was cut weekly, and clippings were removed and weighed during the 4th week after the applications. The following observations were made of the treated turf.

Dew Moistened Turf Dry Turf Nitrogen, Clipping Clipping Formulation G-azauracil, pounds Removal, Removal,

or Code pounds per 1,000 Percent In ury, Percent Imury Number per acre sq. ft. InhibJ Percent b Inhlb. Percent b F-ZOSO 1. 0 1. 0 70 0 F2031 1.0 2.0 0 F2032 2.0 1.0 72 0 F-1787 4.0 3. 6 80 0 F-l788- 1. 0 0 3i. 0 4-153-1 6.0 0 69 0 4-153-1B 6. 0 0 0 A1096 6.0 0 B 73 0 A-1096 5. 0 0 0 B Applied as a foliar spray and drenched in immediately. b Percent based on untreated plots.

in the presence of 6-azauracil at 0.2 to 5.8 ppm. compared to the control. The percent reduction in evapotranspiration was comparable irrespective of nitrogen level.

Percent Reduction in Evapotranspiration Nitrogen (p.p.m.) 52 420 G-azauraeil .m:

0 (up U 0 23 27 52 47 17 the formulations referred to in the various samples illustrating the different aspects of the present invention:

Example XXI Formulation No. 4-153-1A: 140.78 grams of urea, 153.00 grams of urea-formaldehyde and 15.00 grams of water were stirred together for one hour in a heated water bath at 55 C. to produce a urea-formaldehyde resin in a 1:1 ratio. 1.329 grams of 6-azauracil sodium salt monohydrate was dissolved in 26.64 grams of the resultant resin.

The solution was solidified by the addition of 4 milliliters of 15% sulfuric acid, cured in an oven for 2 hours at 60 C., then ground to pass through a U.S. 70 mesh screen. 283 grams of vermiculite were combined with the' granular U/F-6-azauracil mixture. Onto this combination 2260 grams of ethylene glycol and 6.88 grams of water were sprayed to aid agglomeration.

Example XXII Formulation No. F-2030: 200 milliliters of hexylene glycol was blended with 56.6 grams of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (currently available as Tween 20 from Atlas Chemical Industries). To this mixture 52.1 grams of 6-azauracil were added, and blending was continued until a suspension was formed. The resulting suspension was sprayed onto 24.37 pounds of 20.55- 5.13-5.13 (N-P O -K O analysis) fertilizer prepared as described in U.S. Patent 3,076,700, Fertilizer Compositions and Process, to form a granular material having a final N-P O -K O analysis of 20-55.

Example XXIII Formulation No. F-1742: 720 milliliters of acetone and 400 milliliters of hexylene glycol were blended with 56.8 grams of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (currently available as Tween 20 from Atlas Chemical Company). 208 grams of 6-azauracil was added to the above mixture and further blended until a suspension was formed. The resulting suspension was sprayed onto 4500 cu. in. of No. 4 expanded vermiculite to form a granular, dust-free composition.

Example XXIV Soil drench of Example II: 1.67 milliliters of acetone and 0.5 milliliter of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (currently available as Tween 20 from Atlas Chemical Industries) were blended together. To this mixture 4 milligrams of 6-azauracil was added and further blended until a suspension was formed. For effective distribution the suspension was diluted with 97.83 milliliters of water and applied as a drench.

Other of the formulations described herein may of course be similarly formulated.

As will be obvious to those skilled in the arts to which this invention relates, the proportions of the ingredients in the various formulations disclosed herein may be varied for various applications of the present invention. The following table lists the preferred proportions of ingredients for the various types'of formulations disclosed herein:

Range (Parts by Type of Formulation Ingredients Weight) Foliar Spray or Soil Drench 50, 000 S 564561 ii-azauracil or derivative 1-361 Granular growth regulator- Carrier (20-5-5 iertilizer) 5, 000 Fertilizer combined Solvent e 60-150 product. Surfactant 20-30 6-azauraci1 or derivative..." 1-50 Granular growth regulator Carrier (vermiculite). 5, 000 product, inert carrier. Solven e 180-1, 830 Suriactant b 30-130 6-azauraci1 or derivati 2-100 Water 0-200 Granular growth regulator- Carrier (vermiculite) 6, 000 Fertilizer combined Urea-Formaldehyde Resim. -110 product, inert carrier. Water Solvent l 40 6-azauracil or derlvative.. 2-20 B The "solvent" may include or be a sticking agent such as ethylene or hexylene glycol or another oi. the sticking agents disclosed in U.S. Patents Nos. 3,076,699 and 3,083,089.

b It is not necessary that the specific surfactant mentioned herein be employed in the practice oi the present invention. Other suitable surfactants are commercially available and can be employed, ii desired. See, for example, Detergents and Emulsifiers Up to Date 1962 by John W. McOutcheon, Inc., 236 Mt. Kemble Ave., Morristown, NJ. which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.

Numerous formulations falling within these categories have been described previously. Other examples are:

e Solvent for ttazauracil.

SOIL MOBILI'IY It has been found by the inventors that an important benefit of utilizing 6-azauracil to regulate the vertical growth of turf species in accordance with the principles of the present invention is that it has a low degree of mobility in soil as illustrated by the following example and a high degree of residuality as previously illustrated. Low mobility is important because: (1) the active ingredient will not move downward in the soil to which it is applied to a depth where it will not reach the plant roots; and (2) it will not spread to areas adjacent those to which it is applied.

Example XXV Glass columns were filled with a 3-1-1 loam-peat-sand mixture, and water was added until field capacity (27.7% water for the soil used) was obtained (field capacity is, in the case of water, the percentage of water by weight which a given soil will retain after the free Water is drained off). 6-azauracil (formulation F-1742) was applied to the columns at rates of 0, 2, 4, 8 and 16 pounds per acre. Twenty-four hours atfer applying the fi-azauracil, 2 inches of water was added to each column. When field capacity was obtained, the soil columns were removed and sliced into 1-inch sections. The cores were sown with Windsor Kentucky bluegrass. The total germination was recorded 21 days after seeding and is tabulated below:

Percent Germination A a Percentages based on germination in untreated soil.

19 DERIVATIVES F G-AZAURACIL As indicated above, derivatives of 6-azauracil may be substituted for this chemical in the practice of the present invention. The effectiveness of such compounds is illus- Example XXVIII Common Kentucky bluegrass and annual bluegrass were sprayed at the rate of 1 and pounds per acre of trated y th following examples: 5-bromo-6-azauracil in a formulation of the type described Example XXVI in Example XXIV 3 weeks after sowing. D ti f 6 d f As shown by the data recorded 32 days after treatment enva o were app 1 a sprlly and tabulated below, tillering of Kentucky bluegrass and (F) contammg m addmon to the actlve mgredlent 1 annual blue rass was substantiall increased b the 5- tilled water and 0.5% Tween 20 at rates of 1 and 10 b m 6a g n at th 1 r to b th S d pounds per acre respectively or as a soil drench (D) at a r 1' Zaurac e owe e r o ales rate of 10 pounds per acre to turfs of different species. The at the hlgher rate for Kentucky bluegrass' Assoclated Wlth t f was placed in the greenhouse and was maintained on a the increase 1n tlllering was a reductlon 1n the height high fertility program as described in Example VII. Readgrowth response of 54% to 80%. Plant survival was exings recorded 4 weeks after treatment are tabulated below: cellent at all rates.

Bluegrass K-31 Fescue Pounds per Inj., Inhib., Inj.-, Inhib., G-azauracil Derivatives acre Method percent percent percentpercent 6-azauracil Sodium Salt 1 F O 58 0 52 10 F 5 54 50 57 10 D 0 54 0 3s 3-methyl-6-azauracil 1 F 0 38 0 24 10 F 0 46 0 43 10 D c 42 0 33 b-bromo-fi-azauracil 1 F 0 0 0 24 10 F 5 5s 0 48 10 D 0 62 0 43 2-thio-6-azauracll.., 1 F 0 38 0 33 10 F 0 66 5 62 10 D 0 46 0 53 5-methyl-2-thio-6-azauracil.... 1 F 0 16 0 24 10 F 0 7 0 14 10 D 10 7 0 10 Bermuda St. Augustine Pounds per Inj., Inhib., Inj., Inhib., 6-azauracil Derivatives acre Method percent percent percent percent 6-azauracil Sodium Salt 1 F 25 31 0 32 10 F 90 59 so 62 10 D 95 59 47 s-methyl-cazauracil 1 F 0 27 0 29 10 F 15 0 17 10 D 15 17 0 29 5-bromo-6-azauracil 1 F 0 33 0 17 10 F 25 53 0 43 10 D 25 5a 0 43 2-thio-6-azauraci1 1 F 0 27 0 29 10 F 53 0 43 10 D 30 40 0 57 s-methyl-z-thic-frazauracil.. 1 F 0 17 0 9 10 F 0 10 0 17 10 D 0 10 0 9 As shown by the tabulated data, derivatives of 6- azauracil effectively inhibit vvertical growth of a broad 50 Kentucky Bluegrass Observatmn group of turf species. In the tests summarized above ex- P1 Blade cellent vertical growth inhibition with no deleterious side ig 6 553} Inhibition 63 effects was realized onall species studied by the appl1ca- (Percent) m e t) per flat tion of clerlivativels1 of 6-azauracil to turfs in accord with v gazaurgcfl treatment, e I] n, POUR SP8! acre: the prrnclp es oft e pr se t mventlo 0 u g 52 17 22 Example XXVII 100 3 7-6 37 Common Kentucky bluegrass and white Dutch clover W Bluegrass Observation were sprayer with 6-azaurac1l derivatives (the sprays were formulated as described in Example XXVI) at the rate g 8 of 1 pound per acre 3 weeks after seeding. Vertical growth 100 so 27 measurements and the percent of injury were recorded 3 weeks after treating.

a .As compared to zero level of fi-azauracil.

The foregoing data further demonstrates the effectiveness of various derivatives of 6-azauracil for the purposes of the present invention and shows that the efficacy of a particular derivative is apparentlydependent on the structure and position in the triazine nucleus of the substit'ution group or groups.

PLANT COMPOSITION Example XXIX One effect that the application of 6-azauracil with nitrogen (or to a highly fertilized turf) has on turf species, which produces the benefits discussed previously,

21 is to markedly increase the nitrogen content of the plant tissue. This is shown by tests in which field grown Classic bluegrass maintained on a high fertility program as described in Example VII was treated with a liquid izer, applying to the mature, intact plants of said turf from about 0.1 to about 16 pounds per acre of a compound having the formula spray containing 99.450% water, 0.50% Tween 20, and 0.050% 6-azauracil at a rate of 2 pounds of active in- HN Ra gredient per acre. Clippings were collected 34 days after treatment, dried, and prepared for chemical analysis. The analysis showed the composition of the treated and untreated bluegrass to be as follows: R1

Percent Parts per million Chemical Treatment N P K Na Ca Mg Mn Fe B On Mo Zn AI G-azauracil 3.90 .39 2. .29 .66 .30 37 169 26 8 .6 28 22 Control 3.03 .39 2.21 .28 .68 .30 42 180 22 7 .6 25 25 The data shows that treatment with a combination of 20 wherein R is oxygen or sulfur, R is sodium, hydronitrogen and fi-azauracil causes an increase in nitrogen content of the plant tissue. On a basis of relative protein content, plant tissue from plants treated with this combination contains 29 percent more protein than untreated plants. This is important in that it demonstrates the marked ability of the combination of 6-azauracil and nitrogen containing fertilizer disclosed herein to radically alter the composition of the plant life to which it is applied.

This invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. The method of treating a turf composed of mature grass plants to simultaneously increase its quality and reduce its vertical growth rate, comprising the step of applying to the mature, intact plants of said turf a nitrogen supplying fertilizer in a quantity providing from about 0.45 to about 5.4 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet of turf area and from about 0.1 to about 16 pounds per acre of a growth regulating compound having the formula wherein R is oxygen or sulfur, R is sodium, hydrogen, or methyl, R is oxygen or sulfur, and R is hydrogen, bromine, methyl, or phenyl.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the growth regulating compound is 6-azauracil.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the growth regulating compound is selected from the group consisting of the sodium and 2-thio sodium salts and the 5-bromo, 3- methyl, 2-thio, 5-methyl-2-thio, and 4-thio derivatives of 6-azauracil.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said application is repeated after an interval of from 21 to 56 days.

5. The method of treating a turf composed of mature grass plants to simultaneously increase its quality and reduce its vertical growth rate, comprising the steps of:

(a) maintaining said turf on a high fertility program by periodically applying to said turf a nitrogen supplying fertilizer providing from about 0.45 to about 5.4 pounds of nitrogen per year per 1000 square feet of turf area to stimulate the growth of said turf; and (b) subsequent to the initial application of said fertilgen, or methyl, R is oxygen or sulfur, and R is hydrogen, bromine, methyl, or phenyl.

6. The method of treating a turf composed of mature grass plants to simultaneously increase its quality and reduce its vertical growth, comprising the step of applying to the mature, intact plants of said turf a composition comprising a nitrogen supplying fertilizer and a growth regulating compound having the formula I Rt Ingredient: Parts by weight Carrier 5000 Nitrogen supplying fertilizer -110 Growth regulating compound 2-20 said growth regulating compound having the formula wherein R is oxygen or sulfur, R is sodium, hydrogen, or methyl, R is oxygen or sulfur, and R is hydrogen, bromine, methyl, or phenyl.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein said carrier is expanded vermiculite.

9. The composition of claim 7, wherein the nitrogen supplying fertilizer comprises a urea-formaldehyde resin.

10. The composition of claim 7, together with on the order of 400 parts by weight of a solvent comprising a sticking agent for adhering the growth regulating compound to the carrier.

11. A granular, dust-free composition adapted to be applied to turf in conjunction with a nitrogen supplying fertilizer to simultaneously increase the quality and re- 23 duce the vertical growth rate of the turf, consisting essentially of:

Ingredient: 7 Parts by weight Carrier 5000 Growth regulating compound 2-100 said carrier being a granular material and said growth regulating compound having the formula wherein R is oxygen or sulfur, R is sodium, hydrogen, or methyl, R is oxygen or sulfur, and R is hydrogen, bromine, methyl, or phenyl.

12. The composition of claim 11, together with about 20-30 parts by weight of a surfactant and about 180- 1830 parts by weight of a solvent for the growth regulating compound.

13. A composition for treating turf to simultaneously increase its quality and decrease its vertical growth rate, consisting essentially of:

wherein R is oxygen or sulfur, R is sodium, hydrogen, or methyl, R is oxygen or sulfur, and R is hydrogen, bromine, methyl, or phenyl.

14. The composition of claim 13, together with 20-30 parts by weight of a surfactant and from 60-150 parts by weight of a solvent for the growth regulating compound.

. 2 a 24 a a 15. The composition of claim 13, wherein the nitrogen supplying fertilizer comprises a urea-formaldehyde resin. 16. A liquid composition adapted to be applied to turf in conjunction with a nitrogen supplying fertilizer to simultaneously increase the quality and decrease the vertical growth rate of the turf, consisting essentially of:

Ingredient: Parts by weight Liquid carrier 50,000 Surfactant 56-661 Solvent 0-5572 Growth regulating compound 1-361 said growth regulating compound having the formula wherein R is oxygen or sulfur, R is sodium, hydrogen, or methyl, R is oxygen or sulfur, and R is hydrogen, bromine, methyl, or phenyl.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,074,791 1/ 1963 Scoles 71-110 3,083,089 3/1963 Renner 71-24 3,116,994 l/1964 Goenaga.

3,235,358 2/1966 Soboczenski 71-1l OTHER REFERENCES Collins et al., Growth Regulators and Flowering, 2 (1963) CA 60 (pp. 1043-1044) (1964).

West, Amino Resins (1964), Modern Plastics Encyclopedia for 1964 41 1A T P 986 A2M5.

LEWIS GOTTS, Primary Examiner G. HOLLRAH, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

P0405) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5 9 CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3.462.257 Dated August 19, 1 969 Inventor(e) G R- y: et i- It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

r Column 1, line 48, change "compoud" to --compound--.

Column 2, line 40, delete "are".

Column 6, line 8 Footnote 1:, change "espectively" to --relpectively-..

Column '7, line 14 change" "standards" to -etendard..- Column 7, line 35, change "-(s ovxw to --(s9.4o7g4)--.

column 8, line 17, change "quality" to "quantity- Column 8, line 26, after "by" insert --the.

Column 8, footnote "c" in 1st Table of Ex. VI after "c" and before "Designates" insert --C--, change "Designates" to -'--deeignates--.

Column 9, table should follow "mowing frequency" line 45.

Column 11, line 73, change "moved" to --mowed--.

Column 13, line 66 (2nd table), change "520" to --420--.

Column 14, line 68 table (2nd) in the second column opposit "tall fescue, change "27" to --37--.

Column 19, line 58, change "sprayer" to --sprayed--.

SIGNED AN'D SEALED l... PR 2 81970 (SEAL) Attest:

Edward M. Fletcher, Ir. WILLIAM E. BGHUYLER, JR-

Attesting Offi r Commi ss 1 oner of Pat ant s 

